Learn to hack: Difference between revisions
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Make sure that you follow good OPSEC when carrying out your operations! See [https://enlacehacktivista.org/index.php?title=Learn_to_hack#Operational_security OPSEC] | Make sure that you follow good OPSEC when carrying out your operations! See [https://enlacehacktivista.org/index.php?title=Learn_to_hack#Operational_security OPSEC] | ||
== General Resources == | == General Resources == | ||
Resources that assume little to no background knowledge: | Resources that assume little to no background knowledge: | ||
Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
Resources that assume minimal tech background: | Resources that assume minimal tech background: | ||
* (book) Penetration Testing: A Hands-On Introduction to Hacking | * (book) Penetration Testing: A Hands-On Introduction to Hacking | ||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230531145531/https://papers.vx-underground.org/papers/Malware%20Defense/Malware%20Analysis%202021/2021-08-31%20-%20Bassterlord%20%28FishEye%29%20Networking%20Manual%20%28X%29.pdf Bassterlord Networking Manual (translated)] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230531145531/https://papers.vx-underground.org/papers/Malware%20Defense/Malware%20Analysis%202021/2021-08-31%20-%20Bassterlord%20%28FishEye%29%20Networking%20Manual%20%28X%29.pdf Bassterlord Networking Manual (translated)] (Focuses on [https://enlacehacktivista.org/index.php?title=Fortinet_SSL_VPN_Path_Traversal exploiting and hacking into networks via Forti SSL VPN]) | ||
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20230531144434if_/https://cdn-151.anonfiles.com/vcD868ubz5/08a9b897-1685544763/BasterLord+-+Network+manual+v2.0.pdf Bassterlord Networking Manual v2.0 (translated)] | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20230531144434if_/https://cdn-151.anonfiles.com/vcD868ubz5/08a9b897-1685544763/BasterLord+-+Network+manual+v2.0.pdf Bassterlord Networking Manual v2.0 (translated)] (Focuses on [[VPN brute forcing]]) | ||
* Translated: [https://web.archive.org/web/20230404175503if_/https://cdn-150.anonfiles.com/satbX2i8z2/75a3be58-1680631481/Conti_playbook_translated.pdf Conti playbook] | * Translated: [https://web.archive.org/web/20230404175503if_/https://cdn-150.anonfiles.com/satbX2i8z2/75a3be58-1680631481/Conti_playbook_translated.pdf Conti playbook] | ||
* LockBit 3.0 CobaltStrike: [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701141731if_/https://cdn-147.anonfiles.com/s1cbD0z3z3/4536e4f8-1688221595/LockBit-CobaltStrike.pdf LockBit 3.0 Guide] | * LockBit 3.0 CobaltStrike: [https://web.archive.org/web/20230701141731if_/https://cdn-147.anonfiles.com/s1cbD0z3z3/4536e4f8-1688221595/LockBit-CobaltStrike.pdf LockBit 3.0 Guide] | ||
* Hacking WordPress with [https://github.com/wpscanteam/wpscan WPScan] and [https://docs.metasploit.com/docs/using-metasploit/getting-started/nightly-installers.html Metasploit]: https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/45556-wordpress-penetration-testing-using-wpscan-and-metasploit.pdf | |||
Resources that assume a tech or hacking background: | Resources that assume a tech or hacking background: | ||
Line 20: | Line 21: | ||
* [[Hack Back! A DIY Guide]] | * [[Hack Back! A DIY Guide]] | ||
* https://github.com/ForbiddenProgrammer/conti-pentester-guide-leak | * https://github.com/ForbiddenProgrammer/conti-pentester-guide-leak | ||
* [https://enlacehacktivista.org/images/8/8f/Flexispy.txt Flexispy Hack Back] | |||
* [https://enlacehacktivista.org/images/8/8f/Flexispy.txt Flexispy | * [https://enlacehacktivista.org/libertycounsel.txt Liberty Counsel Hack Back] | ||
* [https://enlacehacktivista.org/libertycounsel.txt Liberty Counsel | * [https://youtu.be/kCLDqvDnGzA Catalan Police Union Hack Back] | ||
* https://book.hacktricks.xyz | |||
* [https://kolektiva.media/w/twJjCTkvumnugRy61BjD3T Pronico Hack Back] | |||
* https://github.com/Correia-jpv/fucking-the-book-of-secret-knowledge | |||
* https://github.com/0xPugazh/One-Liners | |||
The Bug Hunters Methodology: | |||
* https://github.com/jhaddix/tbhm | |||
* Application Analysis: https://youtu.be/FqnSAa2KmBI | |||
* The Bug Hunter's Methodology v4.0: https://youtu.be/p4JgIu1mceI?si=jXcYksd4UqodZDBF | |||
* Zseanos Methodology: https://www.bugbountyhunter.com/methodology/zseanos-methodology.pdf | |||
Practice labs: | Practice labs: | ||
Line 30: | Line 41: | ||
* https://lab.pentestit.ru | * https://lab.pentestit.ru | ||
* https://overthewire.org/wargames | * https://overthewire.org/wargames | ||
* https://www.vulnhub.com/ | |||
Appsec: | Appsec: | ||
* https://github.com/paragonie/awesome-appsec | * https://github.com/paragonie/awesome-appsec | ||
Malware, a collection of malware source code and binaries: | |||
* https://github.com/vxunderground/MalwareSourceCode | * https://github.com/vxunderground/MalwareSourceCode | ||
* https://github.com/ytisf/theZoo/tree/master/malware | * https://github.com/ytisf/theZoo/tree/master/malware | ||
== | === General references === | ||
General resources you may find useful for learning. | |||
See [[General References]] | |||
[https://owasp.org/www-project-top-ten/ OWASP Top 10] is a broad consensus about the most critical security risks to web applications. See TryHackMe's [https://tryhackme.com/room/owasptop10 room] for practical OWASP Top 10 learning and their [https://tryhackme.com/room/owaspjuiceshop Juice Shop]. | |||
[https://www. | |||
= | == Recommended Reading - The Library == | ||
See recommended reading [https://libgen.fun books] that will aid you in your learning. See [[recommended reading in the library]] | |||
* [https://theanarchistlibrary.org/special/index The Anarchist Library] ([http://libraryqxxiqakubqv3dc2bend2koqsndbwox2johfywcatxie26bsad.onion/special/index Tor]) | |||
* Phrack: http://phrack.org | |||
== Operational security == | |||
Operational security (OPSEC) is crucial for protecting oneself from surveillance and maintaining anonymity while conducting hacktivist operations. | |||
== | === Recommended Measures === | ||
Any illegal hacktivity should be done from an encrypted and separate computer or virtual machine, with all traffic router over Tor. | |||
For more information on recommended operational security measures, see [[Opsec Measures]] | |||
=== Secure Messaging === | |||
Best practice for secure messaging includes proxying connections over Tor and using end-to-end encryption for messages. | |||
= | ==== Recommended Applications ==== | ||
For Jabber/XMPP, make sure to enable OTR or OMEMO encryption. For e-mail use PGP for encryption. For file sharing use onionshare. | |||
For more information on recommended applications, see [[Secure Messaging Applications]] | |||
== Initial Access == | |||
There are many ways to gain [https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0001/ initial access] into a targets network, from phishing, buying credential access, buying infected machines in corporate networks, password spraying, performing a targeted [https://www.ired.team/offensive-security-experiments/offensive-security-cheetsheets penetration test] and spray and pray scanning for vulnerabilities and hacking in. Here we list some resources in these regards. | |||
=== Common Initial Access TTPs === | |||
For more information on gaining a foothold, see [[Initial Access Tactics, techniques and procedures]] | For more information on gaining a foothold, see [[Initial Access Tactics, techniques and procedures]] | ||
=== Attacking Common Services === | |||
Your targets will likely use many services either externally or internally, this could be SSH, RDP, SMB, etc. It's important to know their common misconfigurations, attack vectors, their attack surface and how to hack these various protocols which may serve as the initial access vector. Here we cover various tools, techniques, common misconfigurations, tips and tricks and we cover both internal and external (publicly accessible) networks. | |||
See [[Common Service Attacks]] | |||
=== Scanning and Recon === | === Scanning and Recon === | ||
For scanning and | For [https://attack.mitre.org/tactics/TA0043 scanning and recon] tools, see [[Scanning and Recon]]. Make sure to make use of your tool's documentation and read the help menu (-hh/-h/--help). | ||
=== Search Engines === | === Search Engines === | ||
Line 160: | Line 113: | ||
For more information on recommended tools and resources, see [[OSINT Tools and Resources]] | For more information on recommended tools and resources, see [[OSINT Tools and Resources]] | ||
= | == Persistence == | ||
Once you've found a weakness in your targets infrastructure and have been able to gain [https://enlacehacktivista.org/index.php?title=Initial_Access_Tactics,_techniques_and_procedures initial access] you'll want to keep it and avoid detection to maintain your access to your targets network for as long as possible. | |||
See [[Persistence]]. | |||
== Post exploitation == | |||
=== Windows === | |||
For Windows post exploitation, Active Directory and networking hacking, Lateral movement techniques, privilege escalation, defensive and offensive techniques: | |||
See [[Hacking Windows]] | |||
=== Linux === | |||
For performing Linux post exploitation, gaining persistence, evading detection, privilege escalation and more: | |||
See [[Hacking Linux]] | |||
== Exfiltration == | |||
One of the main objectives for a hacktivist is that of exfiltrating data, company secrets and if your motivations is that of revealing corruption then this step is of the most importance. | |||
See [[Data Exfiltration]] for techniques and methods for exfiltrating data out of your targets network. | |||
== | == Destruction == | ||
There may be times during a hacktivist operation when you come to the end of your hack, you've fully compromised your target, exfiltrated everything you can/want and now before finally leaving the network and leaking all the targets secrets online you want to cause chaos and destruction. [https://kolektiva.media/w/twJjCTkvumnugRy61BjD3T As was seen by Guacamaya] where they used <code>sdelete64.exe -accepteula -r -s C:\*</code> to wipe systems attached to Pronicos domain you might also want to do the same for Linux and Windows systems in your operations, maybe you want to recursively print a text file with your manifesto across a system/network, encrypt files beyond recovery or just delete everything. | |||
See [[Chaos and Destruction]] for different ways to achieve this! | |||
=== | == Hacking Misc == | ||
= IoT Hacking = | === Web Application Hacking === | ||
See [[Hacking Web Applications]] | |||
=== API Hacking === | |||
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are the plumbing of today’s financial services and FinTech infrastructure, enabling FinTechs to embed banking into their apps and banks to offer a more unified experience to their customers demanding more from their bank ([https://web.archive.org/web/20230713230449if_/https://cdn-153.anonfiles.com/a5Q8c02azf/b80f3b8b-1689290042/Scorched-Earth-Whitepaper.pdf Knight]). [https://owasp.org/www-project-api-security APIs can be exploited] to aid in data exfiltration and taking advantage of an existing service. | |||
See [[Hacking APIs]]! | |||
=== IoT Hacking === | |||
* https://github.com/V33RU/IoTSecurity101 | * https://github.com/V33RU/IoTSecurity101 | ||
= Hacking | === Hacking The Cloud === | ||
More and more of corporate networks are moving away from on-prem to in the cloud. Learning how to [https://hackingthe.cloud hack the cloud infrastructure] of your target is a valuable skill and as time progresses more and more networks will migrate towards the cloud. | |||
See [[Hacking | See [[Cloud Hacking]] | ||
= | === Reverse Engineering === | ||
As was seen by [https://enlacehacktivista.org/index.php?title=Hack_Back!_A_DIY_Guide Phineas Fisher], highly motivated hacktivists who seek to hack their targets by any means necessary should consider 0-day research and exploit development, reverse engineering applications and services that their target may be running to gain an initial foothold and perform post exploitation. | |||
See [[Reverse Engineering]] | |||
== | == Product-specific Hacking == | ||
=== Google Workspace === | |||
https://www.slideshare.net/dafthack/ok-google-how-do-i-red-team-gsuite | |||
=== VMware === | |||
* Exploiting vCenter to add vSphere user: https://github.com/HynekPetrak/HynekPetrak/blob/master/take_over_vcenter_670.md | |||
* VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager RCE via SSTI. [https://attackerkb.com/topics/BDXyTqY1ld/cve-2022-22954/rapid7-analysis CVE-2022-22954:] Unauthenticated server-side template injection. [https://github.com/tunelko/CVE-2022-22954-PoC Mass Exploit] | |||
== | === Rocket.Chat === | ||
* Account hijacking and RCE as admin: [https://web.archive.org/web/20210805092939/https://edbrsk.dev/content/real-cases/how-I-compromised-300-stores-and-a-spanish-consultancy https://edbrsk.dev/content/real-cases/how-I-compromised-300-stores-and-a-spanish-consultancy] | |||
=== Microsoft Exchange === | |||
ProxyLogon is dead. It's mitigated by Defender. ProxyShell is not. AMSI catches unmodified public exploits. | |||
* ProxyShell: https://github.com/dmaasland/proxyshell-poc | |||
* Improved proxyshell-poc: https://github.com/horizon3ai/proxyshell | |||
* ProxyShell (webshell via New-MailboxExportRequest): https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/documentation/modules/exploit/windows/http/exchange_proxyshell_rce.md | |||
* ProxyShell (webshell via New-ExchangeCertificate): https://gist.github.com/dmaasland/0720891aaf6dec8d3b42a5b92c8d6f94 | |||
* Polymorphic webshells: https://github.com/grCod/poly | |||
* ProxyShell (no webshell, dump mailboxes via PowerShell): https://github.com/Jumbo-WJB/Exchange_SSRF | |||
* Proxylogon, proxyshell, proxyoracle and proxytoken full chain exploit tool: https://github.com/FDlucifer/Proxy-Attackchain | |||
* Automatic ProxyShell Exploit: https://github.com/Udyz/proxyshell-auto |
Latest revision as of 15:52, 12 April 2024
This page aims to compile high quality resources for hackers for both the experienced and inexperienced. All books listed on this page can be found on Library Genesis.
Make sure that you follow good OPSEC when carrying out your operations! See OPSEC
General Resources
Resources that assume little to no background knowledge:
Resources that assume minimal tech background:
- (book) Penetration Testing: A Hands-On Introduction to Hacking
- Bassterlord Networking Manual (translated) (Focuses on exploiting and hacking into networks via Forti SSL VPN)
- Bassterlord Networking Manual v2.0 (translated) (Focuses on VPN brute forcing)
- Translated: Conti playbook
- LockBit 3.0 CobaltStrike: LockBit 3.0 Guide
- Hacking WordPress with WPScan and Metasploit: https://www.exploit-db.com/docs/english/45556-wordpress-penetration-testing-using-wpscan-and-metasploit.pdf
Resources that assume a tech or hacking background:
- (book) The Hacker Playbook 3
- Hack Back! A DIY Guide
- https://github.com/ForbiddenProgrammer/conti-pentester-guide-leak
- Flexispy Hack Back
- Liberty Counsel Hack Back
- Catalan Police Union Hack Back
- https://book.hacktricks.xyz
- Pronico Hack Back
- https://github.com/Correia-jpv/fucking-the-book-of-secret-knowledge
- https://github.com/0xPugazh/One-Liners
The Bug Hunters Methodology:
- https://github.com/jhaddix/tbhm
- Application Analysis: https://youtu.be/FqnSAa2KmBI
- The Bug Hunter's Methodology v4.0: https://youtu.be/p4JgIu1mceI?si=jXcYksd4UqodZDBF
- Zseanos Methodology: https://www.bugbountyhunter.com/methodology/zseanos-methodology.pdf
Practice labs:
- https://www.hackthebox.com
- https://academy.hackthebox.com
- https://www.pentesteracademy.com
- https://lab.pentestit.ru
- https://overthewire.org/wargames
- https://www.vulnhub.com/
Appsec:
Malware, a collection of malware source code and binaries:
- https://github.com/vxunderground/MalwareSourceCode
- https://github.com/ytisf/theZoo/tree/master/malware
General references
General resources you may find useful for learning.
OWASP Top 10 is a broad consensus about the most critical security risks to web applications. See TryHackMe's room for practical OWASP Top 10 learning and their Juice Shop.
Recommended Reading - The Library
See recommended reading books that will aid you in your learning. See recommended reading in the library
- The Anarchist Library (Tor)
- Phrack: http://phrack.org
Operational security
Operational security (OPSEC) is crucial for protecting oneself from surveillance and maintaining anonymity while conducting hacktivist operations.
Recommended Measures
Any illegal hacktivity should be done from an encrypted and separate computer or virtual machine, with all traffic router over Tor.
For more information on recommended operational security measures, see Opsec Measures
Secure Messaging
Best practice for secure messaging includes proxying connections over Tor and using end-to-end encryption for messages.
Recommended Applications
For Jabber/XMPP, make sure to enable OTR or OMEMO encryption. For e-mail use PGP for encryption. For file sharing use onionshare.
For more information on recommended applications, see Secure Messaging Applications
Initial Access
There are many ways to gain initial access into a targets network, from phishing, buying credential access, buying infected machines in corporate networks, password spraying, performing a targeted penetration test and spray and pray scanning for vulnerabilities and hacking in. Here we list some resources in these regards.
Common Initial Access TTPs
For more information on gaining a foothold, see Initial Access Tactics, techniques and procedures
Attacking Common Services
Your targets will likely use many services either externally or internally, this could be SSH, RDP, SMB, etc. It's important to know their common misconfigurations, attack vectors, their attack surface and how to hack these various protocols which may serve as the initial access vector. Here we cover various tools, techniques, common misconfigurations, tips and tricks and we cover both internal and external (publicly accessible) networks.
Scanning and Recon
For scanning and recon tools, see Scanning and Recon. Make sure to make use of your tool's documentation and read the help menu (-hh/-h/--help).
Search Engines
Search engines are a useful tool for gathering information and intelligence from publicly available sources. Some are paid and some are free. Make sure to operate good OPSEC whenever placing a purchase for any service that will be used in your recon on a target.
For more information on recommended search engines, see Search Engines Resources
OSINT
Open-source intelligence (OSINT) refers to the collection and analysis of information from publicly available sources.
For more information on recommended tools and resources, see OSINT Tools and Resources
Persistence
Once you've found a weakness in your targets infrastructure and have been able to gain initial access you'll want to keep it and avoid detection to maintain your access to your targets network for as long as possible.
See Persistence.
Post exploitation
Windows
For Windows post exploitation, Active Directory and networking hacking, Lateral movement techniques, privilege escalation, defensive and offensive techniques:
See Hacking Windows
Linux
For performing Linux post exploitation, gaining persistence, evading detection, privilege escalation and more:
See Hacking Linux
Exfiltration
One of the main objectives for a hacktivist is that of exfiltrating data, company secrets and if your motivations is that of revealing corruption then this step is of the most importance.
See Data Exfiltration for techniques and methods for exfiltrating data out of your targets network.
Destruction
There may be times during a hacktivist operation when you come to the end of your hack, you've fully compromised your target, exfiltrated everything you can/want and now before finally leaving the network and leaking all the targets secrets online you want to cause chaos and destruction. As was seen by Guacamaya where they used sdelete64.exe -accepteula -r -s C:\*
to wipe systems attached to Pronicos domain you might also want to do the same for Linux and Windows systems in your operations, maybe you want to recursively print a text file with your manifesto across a system/network, encrypt files beyond recovery or just delete everything.
See Chaos and Destruction for different ways to achieve this!
Hacking Misc
Web Application Hacking
API Hacking
Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) are the plumbing of today’s financial services and FinTech infrastructure, enabling FinTechs to embed banking into their apps and banks to offer a more unified experience to their customers demanding more from their bank (Knight). APIs can be exploited to aid in data exfiltration and taking advantage of an existing service.
See Hacking APIs!
IoT Hacking
Hacking The Cloud
More and more of corporate networks are moving away from on-prem to in the cloud. Learning how to hack the cloud infrastructure of your target is a valuable skill and as time progresses more and more networks will migrate towards the cloud.
See Cloud Hacking
Reverse Engineering
As was seen by Phineas Fisher, highly motivated hacktivists who seek to hack their targets by any means necessary should consider 0-day research and exploit development, reverse engineering applications and services that their target may be running to gain an initial foothold and perform post exploitation.
Product-specific Hacking
Google Workspace
https://www.slideshare.net/dafthack/ok-google-how-do-i-red-team-gsuite
VMware
- Exploiting vCenter to add vSphere user: https://github.com/HynekPetrak/HynekPetrak/blob/master/take_over_vcenter_670.md
- VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager RCE via SSTI. CVE-2022-22954: Unauthenticated server-side template injection. Mass Exploit
Rocket.Chat
- Account hijacking and RCE as admin: https://edbrsk.dev/content/real-cases/how-I-compromised-300-stores-and-a-spanish-consultancy
Microsoft Exchange
ProxyLogon is dead. It's mitigated by Defender. ProxyShell is not. AMSI catches unmodified public exploits.
- ProxyShell: https://github.com/dmaasland/proxyshell-poc
- Improved proxyshell-poc: https://github.com/horizon3ai/proxyshell
- ProxyShell (webshell via New-MailboxExportRequest): https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/documentation/modules/exploit/windows/http/exchange_proxyshell_rce.md
- ProxyShell (webshell via New-ExchangeCertificate): https://gist.github.com/dmaasland/0720891aaf6dec8d3b42a5b92c8d6f94
- Polymorphic webshells: https://github.com/grCod/poly
- ProxyShell (no webshell, dump mailboxes via PowerShell): https://github.com/Jumbo-WJB/Exchange_SSRF
- Proxylogon, proxyshell, proxyoracle and proxytoken full chain exploit tool: https://github.com/FDlucifer/Proxy-Attackchain
- Automatic ProxyShell Exploit: https://github.com/Udyz/proxyshell-auto